Liquid discharge nozzles

ABSTRACT

A family of aerating liquid discharge nozzles, each of which has the feature that it contains no moving parts and includes a hollow body defining a liquid inlet at one end and an outlet opening at the other end at opposite ends of an internal duct through the body. A plug, having substantial length between opposite end surfaces relative to the diameter of the duct, is disposed across the duct and is secured from movement along the length of the body. Liquid flow passage means are defined through the plug by a plurality of grooves formed in the side walls of the plug communicating between opposite ends of the plug. A discharge modulating member has opposing closed end end surfaces, one of which is coupled to the plug coaxially thereof and has a maximum transverse extent no greater than the minimum transverse extent of the adjacent end of the plug between opposed grooves in the plug side walls. By varying the configuration and/or position of the modulating member, a wide variety of discharge patterns may be produced.

United States Patent Hruby, J r.

[ 1 Dec. 19, 1972 [72] Inventor:

Related 1.1.8. Application Data [63] Continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 784,541, Dec. 9,

1968, Pat. No. 3,558,053, which is a continuation-inpart of Ser. No. 691,111, Dec. 8, 1967, abandoned, which is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 492,38 Oct. 4, 1965, abandoned.

[52] US. Cl. ..239/17, 239/22, 239/552, '239/DIG. 16 [51] Int. Cl. ..B05b 17/08 [58] Field of Search ..239/17, 22, 552, DIG. l6

[5 6] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,631,889 .lohnson,.lr.... .....239/552 X 3,062,455 11/1962 Reipm. ..239/552 3,537,543 11/1970 Gibel... ..239/552 3,558,054 1/l97l Raget ..239/17 FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 173,901 1/1922 GreatBritain ..239/552 Franzheim ..239/552 X Primary Examiner-Lloyd L. King Attorney-Christie, Parker & Hale [57] ABSTRACT A family of aerating liquid discharge nozzles, each of which has the feature that it contains no moving parts and includes a hollow body defining a liquid inlet at one end and an outlet opening at the other end at opposite ends of an internal duct through the body. A plug, having substantial length between opposite end surfaces relative to the diameter of the duct, is disposed across the duct and is secured from movement along the length of the body. Liquid flow passage means are defined through the plug by a plurality of grooves formed in the side walls of the plug communicating between opposite ends of the plug. A discharge modulating member has opposing closed end end surfaces, one of which is coupled to the plug coaxially thereof and has a maximum transverse extent no greater than the minimum transverse extent of the adjacent end of the plug between opposed grooves in the plug side walls. By varying the configuration and/or position of the modulating member, a wide variety of discharge patterns may be produced.

13 Claims, 14 Drawing Figures PATENTED DEC 19 1972 SHEET 2 [1F 2 1 LIQUID DISCHARGE NOZZLES CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS This application is a continuation-in-part ofcopend ing application Ser. No. 784,541, filed Dec. 9, 1968 as a continuation-in-part of now abandoned application Ser. No. 691,111, filed Dec. 8, 1967 as a continuationin-part of now abandoned application Ser. No. 492,289, filed Oct. 4, 1965. The application filed Dec. 9, 1968 is now US. Pat. No. 3,558,053.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention This invention relates to liquid handling and, more particularly, to nozzles for discharging'aerated liquid in a predetermined pattern. Nozzles according to this invention are characterized by the absence of moving parts in the liquid stream and are useful as ornamental fountain nozzles.

2. Description of the Prior Art In ornamental fountain arrangements which are to be viewed during the day without illumination by artificial light, it is desired that the discharged water he aerated as fully as possible in order that the water discharge pattern may be readily visible. Aerating fountain heads or nozzles are known. Present fountain heads, however, produce only a limited number of water discharge-patterns. Many existing aerating fountain heads do not produce sufficient aeration of the water discharged from them. Moreover, many existing aerating nozzles contain moving parts which wear as the nozzle is operated. In other cases, existing aerating nozzles require critical clearances in the nozzle openings to produce the desired aeration; these clearances either become worn by erosion as the nozzle is operated, or clogged by foreign particles in the liquid passing through the nozzle head, thus adversely affecting the nozzle aerating efficiency.

For efficiency of operation, an aerating fountain nozzle should produce the appearance of discharging a massive stream of water even though the quantity of 'water actually passed through the nozzle is relatively moderate. When this desired condition is obtained, a small pump may be used, thus resulting in a fountain which is economical to operate. Also, in order that they may be used in populated areas, aerating fountain nozzles should produce as little mist or fine spray as possible; mist is readily transported by slight breeze out of the fountain area to locations where viewers may be positioned. Mist also tends to mask the basic fountain discharge pattern and thus detracts from the aesthetic effect desired in the fountain.

The design of aerating liquid nozzles is often more an art than a science, especially where it is desired that the aerated liquid discharged from the nozzle follow a predetermined path from the nozzle throughout a relatively wide range of liquid pressures applied to thenozzle, and. where the discharge is to be used to produce an ornamental effect. The use of techniques and principles which are effective in gas mixing nozzles, wherein two or more gases are mixed in the nozzle structure and are discharged as a mixture, is practical in only random situations in aerating liquid nozzles because of the widely different physical properties between gases and liquids.

2 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION I This invention provides a simple, rugged, effective, efficient and economical aerating nozzle which .is particularly useful in ornamental fountain arrangements. The nozzle contains no moving parts which may wear as the nozzle is operated. Moreover, no critically sized apertures are -provided in the nozzle, and thus water erosion and the presence of foreign particles in the water passed through the nozzle have little effect, if any, upon the aerating efficiency of the nozzle. The nozzle produces the appearance of a massive discharge stream even though the actual volume of water passed therethrough is moderate. Moreover, nozzles according to this invention provide diverse, novel, and unique liquid discharge patterns which are essentially free of objectionable mist or fine spray and which are readily visible because of the high degree of aeration of th nozzle discharge and freedom from mist.

Generally speaking, this invention provides an aerating liquid discharge nozzle which includes an elongate body defining a duct therethrough between a liquid inlet opening and a liquid outlet opening located at op posite open ends of the body. .A plug is disposed across the duct adjacent the outlet opening and is secured from movement along the length of the body. The plug has liquid flow passage means through it proximate the periphery of the plug and communicating between the opposite ends of the plug, and cooperating with the inner walls of the body. A discharge modulating member has opposing closed'end surfaces, one end surface of which is coupled to the plug coaxially thereof at the end of the plug adjacent the outlet opening and has a maximum transverse extent insufficient to close any of the passage means. The modulating member has a smooth circumferential surface extending between its opposite ends.

An important aspect of the present invention is the ability to produce a wide variety of aesthetically pleasing discharge patterns. Control of the discharge pattern is accomplished in either one of the following two ways: (1) adjusting the position of .the modulating member relative to the duct; or (.2) using differently configured modulating members. A combination of these two con- ,trol techniques makes it possiblev to provide many dif- BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING These and other aspects and advantages of the present invention are more clearly described with referenceto the accompanying drawing wherein:

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional elevation view of a liquid discharge nozzle according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines 2- 2 of FIG. 1; Y

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along lines 3- 3 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional elevation view of another liquid discharge nozzle according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional elevation view of yet another liquid discharge nozzle according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 shows a modulating member different from the ones used in the nozzles of FIGS. 1 and 4;

FIG. 7 shows another modulating member;

l060ll 012,3

, DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An aerating liquid. discharge nozzle 10, which is particularly useful in ornamental fountains and is shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, includes an elongate,'hollow, tubular body 12 defining an elongate, circularly cylindrical internal duct 14. The body has an internally threaded lower end 16, open across the extent of the duct, to adapt the body to be securelyconnected to a suitably sized water discharge pipe or the like (commonly known as a riser pipe) through which water at suitable pressure is supplied to the nozzle.'The lower end of the body defines a liquid inlet opening to duct 14. The cylinder defined by an inner wall 17 of'the body is open across its entire extent at an open upper end 18 of the body. A plug 20, having substantial length along the duct relative to the inner diameter of the body between opposite parallel and preferably planar endsurfaces 22 and 24, is disposed across the interior of the body and is secured from'movement along duct 1 4.by a force fit betweena side wall 26 of the plug and inner wall 17 of the bo'dy,'for example.

Liquid flow passage means are formed through the plug and have a mean cross-sectional area-substantially less thanthe mean cross-sectional area of duct 14. In nozzle 10, as in all nozzles according to this invention, the area "of the liquid inlet opening to the nozzle is at least as great, and preferably greater than, the area of the liquid flow passage means through the plug. As shown best in FIG. 3, the liquid flow passage means is defined by a plurality of substantially identical semi-jcircular grooves or flutes 30 which open concave outwardly of the longitudinal axis of the plug along the entire length of the plug; if desired, however, the liquid flow passage means may be defined by a plurality of holes through the plug proximate the periphery of the plug. The grooves (or holes, as desired) are tapered from a minimum cross-sectional area adjacent upper end surface 22 of the plug to a maximum cross-sectional area adjacent lower end surface 24 of the plug. The tapered effect to grooves 30 has the effect of increasing the velocity of liquid from inlet end 16 to outlet end 18 of the body.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 3, the grooves are spaced uniformly around the circumference of the plug a distance greater than the diameter of the grooves. Accordingly, a generally square ended rib 32 is defined between each adjacent pair of grooves. Thus, the grooves are distinctly spaced from each other about the longitudinal axis of the plug and the groove side walls intersect duct walls 17 at approximately a right angle so that the generation of thin sheets of water is avoided in the discharge pattern of nozzle 10. It has been found that the presence of thin sheets of water in the 4 discharge pattern degenerate remote from the head into mist or fine spray which is objectionablefor the reasons set forth above. Discrete holes, in place of the described grooves, also produce a discharge pattern which is free of mist or fine spray.

A discharge modulating member is coupled to one end surface of plug 20. More specifically, the modulating member can assume any one of a number of desired shapes and configurations, each one leading to the production of a distinct and different discharge pattern. In nozzle 10, for example, the modulating member is a right-circularly cylindrical block 34 having opposing closed end surfaces 36 and 38. Surface 36 is abutted directly against surface 22 of plug by means of a coupling bolt 40 received within a boltaperture 41" defined coaxially through both block 34 and plug 20 and being secured at either end by a pair of nuts 42.

' member to the plug, whether it be direct or indirect, is

within the purview of the present invention.

Block 34 has a longitudinal extent essentially equal to the longitudinal extent of plug 20, although blocks of other lengths may be used effectively in nozzles according to this invention for generating similar, but distinct,

discharge patterns. End surface 36 of block 34 has a maximum transverse" extent, i.e.', radius, no greater than the minimum transverse extent orradius of the plug at end surface 22thereof diametrically across the plug between opposed ones of grooves 30, or between opposed holes in cases where holes are used in place of peripheral grooves'30. In other words, block 34 does not in any way constrict the effective area of the outlet ends of grooves 30 (or holes) through plug 20.

As shown in FIG. 1, end surface 38 of block 34 is coplanar with outlet end 18 of body member 12. This is shown merely by way of example and is not in any way a limiting factor of the invention. Rather, and in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, the modulating member, in this case block 34, is desirably variable in position with plug 20 along duct 14. That is, in any given nozzle of this invention, the plug and block are fixed relative to the body, but from nozzle to nozzle the position ,of the plug and block relative to the body tube is a variable which affects the aesthetic qualities and characteristics of the nozzles. Thus, the variability from nozzle to nozzle of the position of whichever type modulating member is used has the beneficial feature of permitting a selected one of a wide variety of aesthetically pleasing patterns to be produced by the nozzle. Thus, if block 34 and plug 20 are moved upwardly through duct 14, a discharge pattern different from the one produced by' nozzle 10 is produced. Similarly, if block 34 and plug 20 are moved downwardly through duct 14 a wholly different pattern is produced.

As exemplary of the variability of the modulating member and the grooved plug in respect totheir position within duct 14 and with respect to the shape, size and configuration of the block, consider another liquid discharge nozzle 44 as shown in FIG. .4. Nozzle'44 is essentially identical in all respects to nozzle 10 in regard to the shape, size and configuration of body 12, duct 14, plug 20 and the modulating member, i.e., block 34.

The difference between nozzles and 44 lies in the positioning of plug and block 34 within duct 14. In nozzle 44, surface 38 of block 34 is disposed below outlet end 18 of the body. The precise distance of block 34 below body outlet end 18 is dependent upon the discharge pattern to be produced by the nozzle. The selection of a variety of such distances will, of course, lead to the production of a variety of discharge patterns. Therefore, there is no real preferred positioning of whichever type modulating member is employed; it all depends on the aesthetic eye and feelings of the user, and this is what makes the present invention so desirable in terms of economics of manufacture.

As a second example of the variability of the geometry of the modulating member, another liquid discharge nozzle 46 is shown in FIG. 5. Nozzle 46 is very similar to both nozzles 10 and 44 in that the shape, size and configuration of body 12, duct 14 and plug 20 are identical in these nozzles. Nozzle 46 differs from both nozzles 10 and 44, however, in two aspects. First, the modulating member is in the configuration of a truncated cone 48 having a longitudinal extent equal to that of plug 20. Cone 48 has closed upper and lower end surfaces 50 and 52, surface 50 having a smaller diameter than surface 52. Cone 48 is fastened to plug 2t? with its lower surface 52 abutting surface 22 of plug 2t). The fastening is accomplished by an elongate bolt 40 and a pair of 'nuts 42 identical with those of nozzle 10 and 44. In this regard, a bolt receiving aperture 41, identical with that of nozzles 44 and 46, is defined coaxially through both the plug and modulating member. As with each nozzle according to the present invention, the lower end surface of the modulating member has a maximum transverse extent no greater than the minimum transverse extent, or radius, of the plug between diametrically opposed grooves at the end thereof to which the modulating member is coupled. Thus, in nozzle 46 end surface 52 is shown concentric with surface 22of plug 20 and has a diameter equal to the groove .rootdiameter of the plug at its upper end. (The term groove root diameter is used by analogy to thread root diameter as applied to describe screw threads, for example.) This is only exemplary, for cone 418 could be turned end for end relative to plug 26 and still fit the above requirements. In such case, still another distinct discharge pattern would be produced.

The second way in which nozzle 46 differs from nozzles lid and 14 of FIGS. 1 and 4, is that plug 2% is situated adjacent outlet end 18 with its upper end surface 22 coplanar therewith. The pattern produced by nozzle :36 is different from those produced by nozzles lit) and FIGS. 6-11 show six other modulating members 54, 56, 58, 60, 62 and 64%, respectively; each of these modulating members has the characteristic of having at least one closed (flat) end surface (66, 68, 70, 72, 74 and '76, respectively) which is adapted for coupling, directly or indirectly, to plug 20. In this regard, an elongate aperture 41 is formed coaxially through each modulating member for receipt of the shank of a bolt in. The position of each modulating member is, of course, variable from nozzle to nozzle relative to duct 14. The illustration in M68. 6-11 of other modulating members is in no way exhaustive of the many shapes, sizes and configurations of modulating members which may be used to advantage in fountain nozzles according to the present invention. For instance, the modulating member might have a cross-sectional configuration in the shape of a square, rectangle, triangle, oval, or any other one desired as long as the characteristics described above are present. I

With more specific reference to FIGS. 641, modulating member 54 (FIG. 6) is in the shape of a hemisphere having closed end surface 66 and a semi-spherical surface 80. Modulating member 56 (HO. 7) is in the shape of a solid of revolution formed by rotating a segment of a parabola about a straight line, the segment being convex to the straight line. Member 56 has opposing closed end surfaces 68 and 82 with the radius of surface 68 greater than that of surface 82, but less than the groove root diameter of plug end surface 22. Modulating member 58 (FIG; 8) is in the shape of a solid of revolution formed as a segment of a hyperbola is rotated about a straight line with the segment disposed convex to the straight line. Member 58 has opposing closed end surfaces 7t) and 84 of equal radius. Modulating member 60 (FIG. 9) is in the shape of a solid of revolution formed as a segment of a hyperbola is rotated about a straight line with the segment situated concave to the straight line. Member 60 has opposing closed end surfaces 72 and 86. Modulating member 62 (FIG. 10) is formed by taking a pair of identical truncated conical members 88 and 90, each having oppos ing closed end surfaces 92, 94 and 96, 74, respectively and abutting them at their smaller surfaces 94 and 96. Surfaces 94 and 96 have the same radius. Similarly, end surfaces 92 and '74 have the same diameter which is no greater than the groove root diameter of plug end 22 to which end surface 74 is to be coupled. As a last exam ple, modulating member, 64 (FIG. 11) is formed bya pair of identical truncated conical members 98 and 100 abutting each other at their large end surfaceslllZ and 104.

Another liquid discharge nozzle according to the present invention is shown in FIGS. 12-14 and is designated generally by the reference numeral I08. Nozzle l08is similar to nozzles 10, 44 and 46 in that the configuration, size and shape of body 12 and duct M are the same. A plug Ill), having substantial length along duct 14 relative to the inner diameter of body 12 between opposite parallel and preferably planar end surfaces 112 andllld, is disposed across the interior of the body and is secured from movement along duct 14 by the frictional contact between a side wall 116 of the plug and inner wall 17 of body l2.

A hole Mb is formed through the plug coaxially of the body and has a cross-sectional area substantially less than the cross-sectional area of duct 14. The hole is designed to snugly accommodate a hollow tube 120 which is externally threaded to its opposite ends. Tube 120% is used to fasten, with a corresponding pair of nuts 122, a modulating member 123 to the plug and, additionally, to provide a coaxial water outlet channel H24 in the nozzle.

Liquid flow passage means are formed through plug 119 and have an effective water flow area which is substantially less than the cross-sectional area of duct M. The passage means are comprised of channel 12 and by a plurality of substantially identical semi-circular grooves or flutes 126 which open concave away from 7 hole 118 along the entire length of the plug. The

grooves aretapered from a minimum cross-sectional area adjacent plug lower end surface 114 to a maximum cross-sectional area adjacent plug upper end surface 112. Thetapered effect of grooves 126 effectively decreases the velocity of liquidfrom inlet end 16 of body 12 to outlet end 18. This is to be-contrasted with the liquid flow passage means through plug which acted as a velocity increasing device since grooves 30 were tapered the other way, i'.e., larger cross-section adjacent inlet end 16.

Modulating member 123 is in the form of a truncated cone having upper and lower end surfaces 128 and 130. Member 123 has a hole 132 defined coaxially therethrough for receipt of tube 120. As with all of the nozzles of this invention, the maximum transverse extent of end surface 130 of modulating member 123 is no greater than the groove root diameter minimum of plug 110 at end surface 1 12 thereof; in fact, modulating member end surface 130 is actually smaller in diameter than groove root diameter of end surface 112 of plug 110. The modulating member and the plug of nozzle 108 are disposed in body tube 12 so that the upper end 18 of the body tube is located intermediate the ends of member 123 and closer to end surface 128 than to end surface 130.

In operation, water enters duct 14 through body inlet end 16 and simultaneously flows through channel 124 and grooves 126. Water flowing through channel 124 has a high velocity relative 'to that emerging from grooves 126 and is discharged from end 128 of modulating member 123 as an essentially straight vertical stream of water. Water flowing through grooves 126 is emitted from end surface 112 of plug 110 reduced in velocity from its state at end surface 114 of the plug. This water is then fedthrough an annular channel 134, defined between the side wall of member 123 and inner wall 17 of the body and tapered from a maximum crosssectional area adjacent end surface 130 of member 123 to a minimum cross-sectional area adjacent outlet end 18 of the body. The water flowing through channel 134 and a fanned-out base defined by the discharge from channel 134.

A feature of nozzle 108 is the ability to vary the radial extent of the projection of water from channel 134 independently of the water projection through channel 124. This is accomplished by varying the position of modulating member 123 relative to duct 14. If member 123, and plug 110, are pushed further into duct 14, then the projected water from channel 134 will be discharged more in an upward than outward direction. correspondingly, if member 123 (and plug 110) are raised, water from channel 134 will be discharged more in an outward than upward direction. Additionally, a differently configured modulatingrnernber might be used altogether to give an entirely different effect. The foregoing description refers primarily to peripheral grooves in the several mentioned plugs. It will be understood that the grooves may be replaced by holes formed through the plug, with or without taper, wholly within the periphery of the plug, adjacentthe plug periphery, and radially outwardly of the adjacent end of the modulating member associated with the plug.

What has been disclosed, therefore, is a family of liquid discharge nozzles each having the capability of producing a wide variety of discharge patterns simply by varying either the configuration or position of a modulating memberused in each nozzle. The several structures shown in the drawings and described above have been presented in furtherance of an explanation of the invention in terms of several presently preferred embodiments of the various forms which the invention may take. The foregoing description-should .not be regarded as being exhaustive or limiting of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. An aerating liquid discharge nozzle comprising:

a. an elongate body having opposite open ends defining a duct therethrough between a liquid inlet opening defined at one open end of the body and a liquid outlet opening defined at the other open end of the body;

. a plug disposed across the duct adjacentthe outlet opening and secured from movement along the length ofthe body;

. a plurality of liquid flow passages defined through the plug proximate the periphery of the plug and communicating between the opposite ends of the plug; and

. a discharge modulating member disposed coaxially of the plug and coupled to the end'jof the plug adjacent the liquid outlet opening, the modulating member having a smooth circumferential surface extending between opposite ends thereof and having a maximum transverse extent at the end thereof adjacent the plug insufficient to close any of the passages.

2. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein the modulating member abuts theone end of the plug.

3. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein the modulating member has an end surface opposite from the plug situated within the duct. v

4. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein the modulating member has an end surface opposite from the plug situatedwithout the duct.

5. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein, the modulating member is of cylindrical configuration.

6. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein the modulating member is of right-circularly cylindrical configuration.

7. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein the modulating member is of truncated conical configuration.

8. The nozzle of claim 1, further comprising a liquid outlet channel defined through both the plug and modulating member.

9. The nozzle of claim 3, wherein the opposite end surface of the modulating member is disposed substantially in the plane of the liquid outlet opening fromthe body.

10. The .nozzle of claim 7, wherein the smaller diameter end surface of the modulating member, is .coupled to the plug.

11. The nozzle of claim 7, wherein. the larger diameter end surface of the modulating member is coupled to the plug.

12. The nozzle of claim 8, further comprising means coupling the modulating member to the plug, the liquid the plug proximate the periphery of the plug and communicating between the opposite ends of the plug; and d. a discharge modulating member disposed coaxially of the plug and coupled to the end of the plug adjacent the liquid outlet opening, the modulating member having a maximum transverse extent at the end thereof adjacent the plug insufficient to close any of the passages and having a circular transverse cross-sectional configuration at any location therealong coaxially of the plug.

PO-1O5O UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFTCE QERTTFTQATE 9F @QRREQTTQN Patent No, 3,706,415 Dated December 19', 1972 Inventor s JOHN 0. HRUBY, JR.

It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

i I -x In Column 1, line lO, 'for "492,289" read 492,389

Signed and sealed this 22nd day of May 1973.

(SEAL) Attest: I

EDWARD M.ELETCHER,JR. ROBERT GOTTSCHALK Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents 

1. An aerating liquid discharge nozzle comprising: a. an elongate body having opposite open ends defining a duct therethrough between a liquid inlet opening defined at one open end of the body and a liquid outlet opening defined at the other open end of the body; b. a plug disposed across the duct adjacent the outlet opening and secured from movement along the length of the body; c. a plurality of liquid flow passages defined through the plug proximate the periphery of the plug and communicating between the opposite ends of the plug; and d. a discharge modulating member disposed coaxially of the plug and coupled to the end of the plug adjacent the liquid outlet opening, the modulating member having a smooth circumferential surface extending between opposite ends thereof and having a maximum transverse extent at the end thereof adjacent the plug insufficient to close any of the passages.
 2. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein the modulating member abuts the one end of the plug.
 3. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein the modulating member has an end surface opposite from the plug situated within the duct.
 4. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein the modulating member has an end surface opposite from the plug situated without the duct.
 5. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein the modulating member is of cylindrical configuration.
 6. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein the modulating member is of right-circularly cylindrical configuration.
 7. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein the modulating member is of truncated conical configuration.
 8. The nozzle of claim 1, further comprising a liquid outlet channel defined through both the plug and modulating member.
 9. The nozzle of claim 3, wherein the opposite end surface of the modulating member is disposed substantially in the plane of the liquid outlet opening from the body.
 10. The nozzle of claim 7, wherein the smaller diameter end surface of the modulating member is coupled to the plug.
 11. The nozzle of claim 7, wherein the larger diameter end surface of the modulating member is coupled to the plug.
 12. The nozzle of claim 8, further comprising means coupling the modulating member to the plug, the liquid Outlet channel being defined through said means coaxially thereof.
 13. An aerating liquid discharge nozzle comprising: a. an elongate body having opposite open ends defining a duct therethrough between a liquid inlet opening defined at one open end of the body and a liquid outlet opening defined at the other open end of the body; b. a plug disposed across the duct adjacent the outlet opening and secured from movement along the length of the body; c. a plurality of liquid flow passages defined through the plug proximate the periphery of the plug and communicating between the opposite ends of the plug; and d. a discharge modulating member disposed coaxially of the plug and coupled to the end of the plug adjacent the liquid outlet opening, the modulating member having a maximum transverse extent at the end thereof adjacent the plug insufficient to close any of the passages and having a circular transverse cross-sectional configuration at any location therealong coaxially of the plug. 